Kashan

Kashan; the cradle of Iranian civilization and traditional culture

Kashan is one the most important city of Isfahan province. It’s divided into two parts, mountains and desert. The root of the name of the city is come from the Kasian, the original inhabitants of the city. The remains of this ethnic group which are found at Tapeh Siakl, are dating back 9000 years ago.

Between the 12^th and 14^th centuries, Kashan was significant center to produce pottery and tiles with high quality. Generally is believed that the name of kashi (Persian name of tiles) comes from Kashan, the cities name.

Sialk Hills which is lie 4 km (2.5 miles) west of Kashan, were explored by archeologist, this archaeological excavations reveal that this city was one of the primary center of civilization in pre historic ages. Hence History of Kashan is back to Elamite period of Iran. The Sialk ziggurat still stands in the suburbs of Kashan after 7000 years. Because of plentiful historical sites, Kashan is an attractive tourism destination to domestic and foreign tourists. The city has variety kind of historical monuments such as mosques, caravanserais, glorious gardens and handicrafts like ceramics, delicate tissues and carpets.

History

Kashan has a remarkable history. Although it has never been the capital, but it never lack anything in comparison to the major cities. The city were residence at the 5^th millennium B.C according to historical findings in Sialk Hills. Also, Sassanid fire temples and the remains of which are found in Khorram Dasht, Naisar, and Abyaneh Shows glory of the city during the Sassanid era.

The city used to have strong fortifications. A few attack and Terrible earthquakes, demolished them. Nevertheless, Al-e Buye were rebuilt the city.

In Seljuk era, especially in the era of Malek Shah, many cities got flourished, Kashan was no exception. This time was a time of brilliant development of arts and crafts. This time was also a time of great architectural achievements.

In Qajar era, Kashans inhabitants resisted against Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar, but they couldn’t fight off a stronger enemy. Agha Mohammad Khan killed some of residents and destroyed part of Kashan. But after that, relatively peaceful period began. Many buildings were built and the city flourished again.

During the second Mongol invasion, when the troops of Hulagu Khan entered Iran, they were convinced not to destroy Kashan by the prominent scientist, Nasir al-Din Tusi, who wielded great authority among the Mongols.

During the rule of Nasser-el-din Shah, Amir Kabir, wise prime minister of the government, were exile to Kashan. This event and his assassination were bold this city again. This was the last sorrowful event in Kashan’s history. Since then, the town has enjoyed a relatively peaceful life.